Henderson radio Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Henderson radio - Case Study Example These elements weigh vigorously in choosing if there is sufficient value in a venture money bargain. Thomas Hendersons ideas on this discernment propose that in the event that it was his choice he might have utilized 10 percent value and 90 percent obligation to back organization venture. From the expectation we understand that when 90 percent of obligation is utilized to back the organization extend this may prompt chapter 11 since the more terrific the implied liquidation expense or likelihood of insolvency in the working money streams of the firm, the less obligation the firm can bear to utilize. Taking his contention to the way that financing blend was acknowledged excessively radical and that he felt the organization could securely expand its obligation extent to 30 percent, which he thought was the upper reach of the business normal is not a legitimate proclamation. This is on the grounds that the mix of these manifestations of financing and their expense make up the expense of money to the firm or task. Assessing the capital structure of a venture is muddled, however basically put; the capital structure is the extent of value in the aggregate financing

Coursework assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Coursework - Assignment Example It is estimated that the expenditure of US% 2 billion will boost the secondary school enrolment rate (expressed as a percentage of the secondary school age population) by about 6%, from the current figure of 55% to an estimated 61%. However, since the previous meeting of the committee, the country has experienced a financial crash. Senior representatives from the banks have been lobbying furiously for financial support to enable the banks to continue lending, in an attempt to avert a full-scale economic recession. They have argued that by providing emergency financial support now, the government can prevent the banks from shrinking their balance sheets, and maintaining a strong and vibrant banking sector is essential if the country is to achieve the targeted growth in its per capita GDP over the medium term. It has been estimated that US$ 2 billion allocated to the banking sector now will prevent a drop in the ratio of Private Credit by Deposit Money Banks and Other Financial Institutions to GDP, from the current figure of 0.52 to an estimated 0.38. You have been asked by the Minister of Finance to investigate the empirical evidence as to whether the sum of US$ 2 billion would be spent more effectively on boosting secondary school education, or on bailing out the banking sector. You can recall an empirical model that addresses exactly this type of question, which was presented in a series of tutorials/workshops in which you participated during your time as a masters student at Bangor University in the UK. You are concerned, however, that the data that were used in this exercise are now several years out of date, and you have decided that it would be a good idea to update the data and re-estimate the model. In order to complete this task, you have been assigned the following electronic resources: 1. An Excel file struct2.xls, which has been downloaded from Ross Levine's website, in which can be found data on the financial development indicator to be used in the empirical model, the ratio of Private Credit by Deposit Money Banks and Other Financial Institutions to GDP (see column M) 2. An Excel file tab396.xls, containing United Nations data on rates of secondary school enrolment per head of the secondary school-age population in selected years: 1980, 1990 and 1997 (see column BI for the 1990 data). 3. A link to the Centre for International Comparisons at the University of Pennsylvania website, from which you can download data on all of the other variables that are used in the model. http://pwt.econ.upenn.edu/php_site/pwt63/pwt63_form.php You intend to use these data sources to compile data for the following 50 countries: Brazil, Canada, Chile, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Spain, Turkey, United Kingdom Algeria, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Morocco, Nigeria, South Africa, Sudan, Uganda, Zimbabwe Australia, Bangladesh, China*, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Malaysia, Nepal, Pakistan, Phillipines, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, South Korea, Syria, Thailand When downloading Chinese data from the University of Pennsylvania website, select 'China version 2'. The specification of the empirical model is as follows: dlypci = 1 + 2lypc90i + 3lsecedi + 4govgdpi + 5openi + 6infli + 7crediti + ui where

Jonathan Livingstone Seagull Essay Example for Free

Jonathan Livingstone Seagull Essay After reading on Jonathan Livingstone seagull, write down reflective value and believe about the meaning and purpose of life. Jonathan Livingston Seagull is about a very independent bird, who dared to question what was being taught and told to him by the elders. He didnt just want to spend his days searching for food and hanging out doing what was expected of him. He was different, and dared to dream. He spent his days learning to fly faster and better than any other gull in the flock. He learned from all of his searching and trying that he could do anything, if he wanted it badly enough and just went for it, even to the point of becoming an outcast. At one point in time, in so learning and perfecting his craft, he crash landed and died, going onto a higher lever of his awareness, to learn more lessons from his guide, Fletcher. He continues through the story, becoming more and more proficient in his endeavours and in turn becomes a teacher/guide to others, becoming a kind and loving soul along the way. Jonathan Livingston Seagull is a bird who wants nothing more than to fly. Raised in a group of gulls that saw flying as only a means to an end, Jonathan challenged their way of life by believing that flying could be about more than transportation or getting food it could be about joy and happiness and freedom. When told he was irresponsible for trying exceed his expectations Jonathan replied: Who is more responsible than a gull who finds and follows a meaning, a higher purpose for life? For a thousand years we have scrabbled after fish heads and now we have a reason to live to learn, to discover, to be free! An outcast from his flock, Jonathan took his exile with a grain of salt, finding joy in his love for flight and his constant desperate desire to grow and to learn. He pushes himself to the breaking point and is never satisfied enough with his knowledge and never tires of the quest to obtain more. Bach gives us a character that stands alone with his ideas and beliefs and is rewarded for his patience and courage. The second half of the book shows Jonathan learning so much that he transcends his earthly form into a higher plane of being. Here, Jonathan is met with other gulls who like him, strive for excellence and do not see flying as a means to an end, but simply love to fly for the sake of loving it. This part begins to reflect a bit of the Buddhist mindset about heaven and a universal knowledge which can seem a bit confusing at first. Jonathan finally returns to his flock on Earth to try for better or worse to show that there is more to life than what they are striving for. This is a fable about the importance of making the most of our lives, even if our goals run contrary to the norms of our flock, tribe or neighbourhood. Through the metaphor of flight, Jonathan’s story shows us that, if we follow our dreams, we too can soar. Amazing inspiring story of seagulls. It tells us nothing is impossible in this world. You just have to have the desire to achieve it.

Communicating in Health and Social Care Organisations

Communicating in Health and Social Care Organisations Communicating in Health and Social Care Organisations L1. Be able to explore how communication skills are used in health and social care 1.1 Apply relevant theories of communication to health and social care contexts 1.2 Use communication skills in a health and social care context 1.3 Review methods of dealing with inappropriate interpersonal communication between individuals in health and social care settings 1.4 Analyse the use of strategies to support users of health and social care services with specific communication needs There is a multitude of theories that can be used in the communication of health and social care contexts. Gerald Egan developed a theory of communication using an acronym in order to build the Components of communication with others. This was outlined in his book called ‘The Skilled  Helper’. The acronym he developed is, S O L E R. SOLER is often utilized to guide health and social care workers when dealing with vulnerable individuals and also acts as an described technique for active listening. In the sort of nonverbal communication, Soler theory can be valuable when helping another individual as it can make the other party feel cared for, involved in what is going on and feel respected and read. Heavily used in counselling and other areas of Health and Social Care, the theory can also be read by anyone who cares to become a more serious listener. Tuckman’s theory of group formation is essential for health and social care as in most health and social care settings group work is used. This always seems to work and people communicate very well. According to his 5 group interaction stages, teams can get stronger, more productive and efficient. His stage s include Forming The initial stage of team development during which people have not yet gelled together. Everybody is busy discovering their spot in the team, sizing each other up, and asking themselves why they are here. Storming People start to view themselves as part of a squad. Many conflicts or confrontations among team members occur in this stage resulting in some loss of focal point. Norming – At this point, team members begin to arrive together, developing procedures, establishing ground rules, deciding who does what, and how things will be managed. This form is known by a sense of togetherness. Performing This is the last point where the increased focus on both the task, and on team relationships, combines to provide working together well. Public presentation is given up through people working effectively together. And characteristics of effective teamwork will help teams sustain performance. Communication has an essential role in any action that aims to improve health. It is difficult to imagine how a message could be delivered to promote healthy choices if we could not communicate. The communication process is a multi-dimensional transaction influenced by a variety of factors and as a transitional process and in a health context, it is an important part of health and social care contexts. Communication according to Minardi and Reily (1997) is an essential, instrumental and purposeful process. The communication transaction is one of sharing information using a set of common rules (Northouseand Northouse 1998). The basic representative model of communication is commonly conceived as a one-way flow process consisting of a sender, message and receiver. In accession to this, other variables such s understanding by that receiver and feedback to the communicator can also be included. These last two variables are important for health communication as they imply two-way communication, thus making a motion away from the traditional concept of one-way communication towards multi-style communication. Communication in health takes place on many stages, including individual, group, organization, community or mass-media. Communication in health can be defined in much the same way as communication has generally been defined: a transactional operation. The primary dispute in communicating health is that the focus is not a universal one, but one specific to health data. Kreps (2003) summarizes the increase of ‘health’ to the definition of communication as a ‘resource’ that allows health messages (for example prevention, risk or awareness) to be applied in the education and avoidance of ill health. This broad definition incorporates the fact that health communication can take place at many levels and embodies a holistic access to health promotion. In order to deal with inapporiate communications, a successful two-way communication process depends on carefully conveying the message so that the listener understands exactly what we mean as non-verbal behavior may carry more meaning than words.Wen it comes for Speaking, clarifying the meaning with body language, facial expressions and voice to support the words is essential. Litening makes the communication process easier, attention should be given to the speaker, ad letting them finish before respond.The communication channels used is crucial in avoiding inapporiate communications, Face-to-face communication offers the best chance of full understanding, but the written word provides a more permanent record. A phone conversation restricts the effectiveness of body language, but notice tone of voice and speed of delivery, allows to pick up anger or annoyance.Pictures or symbols can be used to clarify communication, especially if either the listener or speaker has a specific commun ication difficulty and expressing emotion or explaining complex issues should be avoided. In order to cater to people with specific communication needs, this can be divided into 2 sections such as assistive technology and human assistance. Within technology softwares and support devices can be used to support people.This can include voice activated softwares, text phones, loop systems and hearing aids.When it comes for human assistance, advocates, translators, interpreters depending on the requirements can be used for communication purposes and to reduce communication barriers I health and social care sectors. L2.Understand how various factors influence the communication process in health and social care 2.1 Explain how the communication process is influenced by values and cultural factors 2.2 Explain how legislation, charters and codes of practice impact on the communication process in health and social care 2.3 Analyse the effectiveness of organisational systems and policies in promoting good practice in communication 2.4 Suggest ways of improving the communication process in a health and social care setting Communicating across cultures is challenging. Each culture has set rules that its members take for granted. Few of us are mindful of our own cultural biases because cultural imprinting begins at a very early age. And while some of a cultures knowledge, principles, opinions, values, phobias, and anxieties are taught explicitly, most of the info is absorbed subconsciously. Within Health and Social care context, intercultural communication is a field of study of importance because of increased globalization and also because of growing workforce who are different ethnically and culturally. Cultures provide people with ways of rememberingways of experiencing, listening, and interpreting the world. Hence the same speech can imply different things to people from different cultures, even when they utter the same speech communication. When the languages are different, and the translation has to be practiced to communicate, the potential for mistakes increases. Stella Ting-Toomey describes thr ee ways in which culture interferes with effective cross-cultural understanding. First is what she calls cognitive constraints. These are the frames of reference or world views that offer a backdrop that all fresh data is comparable to or introduced into. Second are behavior constraints. Each culture has its own regulations about proper behavior which affect verbal and gestural communication. Whether one sees the other individual in the eye-or not; whether one reads what one means overtly or talks around the subject; how close the people stand to each other when they are talkingall of these and many more are rules of politeness which differ from culture to culture. Ting-Toomeys third factor is emotional constraints. Different cultures regulate the showing of emotion differently. Some cultures get very excited when they are deliberating an issue. They cry, they scream, they demonstrate their anger, awe, frustration, and other feelings openly. Other cultures try to hold their emotions hidden, exhibiting or sharing only the rational or factual aspects of the situation. All of these conflicts tend to lead to communication problems. If the masses involved are not cognizant of the potential for such problems, they are even more likely to fall victim to them, although it needs more than awareness to defeat these problems and communicate effectively across cultures. Legislation exists to protect the rights of individuals and promote equality of opportunity for all. As a career, being aware of my rights and those of the people I would care for can help both of us get fair access to things that most people take for granted. This could be public transport, paid employment and health services. In order to prevent discrimination or harassment because of their age, disability or caring role, or for other reasons such as race, sex or sexual orientation the Equality Act was introduced in 2010, strengthens the law in certain situations, including increased protection for disabled people, and new measures protecting the careers of elderly or disabled people. The Data Protection Act 1998 establishes a framework of rights and obligations which are planned to safeguard personal information. This framework balances the legitimate needs of organizations to accumulate and utilize personal data for business and other purposes against the right of individuals to respect for the secrecy of their personal details. The legislation itself is supported by a circle of eight principles, which induce to be complied with. The exemptions either allow for the disclosure of information where there would otherwise be a breach of the Act or allow information to be withheld that would otherwise need to be exposed. Apart from these legislations, Charters such as CQC, Voices into Action, Department of Health Information Charter provide many important knowledge and information in a variety of topics such as public health, social care, national health services in order to communicate to the mass public where information can be passed on a large scale. Codes of practise such as Health and Care Professions Council Standards of Proficiency for Social Workers would ensure that right actions has been taken in order to protect and comply with registration requirements. So, health and adult social care registered providers will have to show that they meet the regulation of different codes to minimise spreading of diseases or infections. When it comes for communications, processes and procedures as of utmost importance for the clear flow of communication among internal as well as external parties involved.In a health and social care context, according to the staff role, responsibilities should be divided and each one shoul take accountability for their own actions.And data protection is essential to protect the confidentiality f the client and this are further strengthened by acts such as the data protection act.According to job role, working instructions should be given to the workers.Policies such as equal opportunites would be needed to help health and social care workers to develop and advance in career while other policies such as safeguarding, anti-bullying would safe guard employees against discrimination and protect them from health and safety issues. In order to improve, there should be reflective practice among all individuals working within the health and social care environment.Special attention should be given towards looking after patients where if client-centred care is developed, this would bring in growth to business.Oranizations should also consider staff development where rewarding and remuneration, career development and staff recognition programmes can increase motivation and lead to more productivity and efficiency of care workers.Collaborative working enviornments should be created where skills and knowledge can be exchanged and information passed out for mass public.And compliance with legislation and policies would improve quality of the services provided while protecting both sides such as the workers and their clients. L3.Be able to explore the use of information and communication technology (ICT) in health and social care 3.1 Access and use standard ICT software packages to support work in health and social care 3.2 Analyse the benefits of using ICT in health and social care for users of services, care workers and care organisations. 3.3 Analyse how legal considerations in the use of ICT impact on health and social care. ICTs can be defined as tools that facilitate communication and the processing and transmission of information and the sharing of knowledge by electronic means. This encompasses the full range of electronic digital and analog ICTs, from radio and television to telephones (fixed and mobile), computers, electronic-based media such as digital text and audio-video recording, and the Internet, but excludes the non ¬electronic technologies.In recent years, health and social work practice has adapted to include new forms of recording and monitoring – including the use of information and communication technologies (ICT’s) and the usage of different softwares in order to increase productivity and efficiency of the workers.Softwares such as MS office is used in creating Powerpoint presentations that will be used in teaching as well as managerial backgrounds, word processing softwares in drafting legal documents, and excel in maintaining customer and client data bases. When considering how these ICT packages are used in a health and social care context,they are used in a variety of ways. In, Medical, health, and healthcare informatics, these are used as skills and tools which enable information to be collected, managed, used and shared to support the delivery of healthcare and to promote health (NHS, 2006). On E-health, the utilization of emerging information and communication technology and software packages, especially the Internet, to improve or enable health and healthcare (Eng, 2001). This has bridged both the clinical and non-clinical sectors and includes equally individual and population health-oriented creatures. And finally the health system where these are used in all activities whose primary purpose is to promote, restore or maintain health. This includes, but is not limited to, the preventive, curative and palliative health services provided by the health care system (WHO, 2000). ICTs have clearly made an impact on health care. They have Improved dissemination of public health information and facilitated public discourse and dialogue around major public health threats while enabling remote consultation, diagnosis and treatment through telemedicine. Facilitated collaboration and cooperation among health workers, including sharing of learning and training approaches are supporting more effective health research and the dissemination and access to research findings which have strengthened the ability to monitor the incidence of public health threats and respond in a more timely and effective manner while also improving the efficiency of administrative systems in health care facilities. A wide range of stakeholders within the health and social care industry are benefited, in the developing world are potential beneficiaries of ICTs. They are from a top level to a grass root level giving out services to the public .They include International agencies (WHO, UNAIDS), International NGOs, Government ministries, Provincial hospitals and health departments, health workers, doctors, community leaders, patients and citizens. According to WHO, the use of ICTs in health is not merely about technology (Dzenowagis, 2005), but a means to reach a series of desired outcomes, such as health workers making better treatment decisions and hospitals providing higher quality and safer care. People now can make informed choices about their own health and due to this government also becoming more responsive to health needs where national and local information systems supporting the development of effective, efficient and equitable health systems help policy makers and the public awareness of health risks. And this has made people have the information and knowledge they need for better health. But when considering how legal legislations are impacting the usage of ICT. I belive they do more good than harm . With so many people using computers today, and with many of the computers connected to the internet, many users worry that others will misuse their computers and, e.g. steal their data to commit fraud. The Data Protection Act aims to protect the rights of the owners of the data. It does not actually protect the data. The Act sets out rules on how the data should be stored and used and provides a means for the owners of the data to complain and sometimes to claim compensation if their data is misused.This gives privacy for people involved in health and social care sector as patient information, client information can be protected from going nto wrong hands. Almost everyone, not just all employees and employers, have a duty under the Health and Safety at Work Acts to work and behave safely; also the Act makes it illegal to act recklessly or intentionally act in such a way as to endanger yourself or others. Employees must take reasonable care for their  own and others safety and cooperate with their employers in doing so.Ass unless proper precautions are taken place, injuries can occour which can have huge impacts. Injuries such as Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI) are common and are caused by the repetitive clicking of the buttons of a mouse or a keyboard and shows itself as pain in the arms. It is not certain that RSI or CTS are actually caused by repetitive actions when using computers, but these actions do seem to make the conditions worse. Aside from this Headaches are frequently induced by troubles with vision, Neck or back pain may be linked with incorrect postures or Eyestrain or sore eyes may be induced by using computers for long periods. But not only these, using computers can also have physical harm if we are not sensible and under the statute laws of health and social care, cautions are taken place in creating awareness ad reducing these kind of situations among employees, patients and other involved parties an thanks t proper legislations this is a success.

Gender and Age: Causes of Social Rejection to High-Functioning Autisti

Introduction Temple Grandin is a biopic that shows how a young, autistic woman becomes a world famous expert in animal husbandry by overcoming limitation from her disease. In the movie, Temple is always the target of bully in school; however, some people react more aggressively than others. My second research is based on this movie will concern factors that motivate teenagers to socially reject and discriminate against autistic people at school. In this paper, I will observe the way in which gender and age change people's reactions to autistic people and cause any kind of bullying to the disabled. The present study will apply a qualitative method to analyze the words used by the bully in the film that show social rejection to autistic student. It is expected that social rejection will be affected by gender and age, and the attitude would be more positive from women and older young people. Research Question Research question: Do gender and age cause young people to socially reject people with high-functioning autism at school in early 20th century? The primary goal of this essay is to analyze the way in which gender and age vary young people's attitudes to high-functioning autistic people, as well as the way in which these variables lead to discrimination against autistic students. This study is relevant because knowing the connection between the variables and social rejection may avoid future autistic students being victimized at public school. Operationalization In Temple Grandin, different genders react differently to the main character, a high-functioning autistic girl. It is hypothesized that male is more aggressive and is inclined to physically bully the autistic student. Based on the assumption, I observed the insulting wor... ...ute to discrimination against autistic students. By using qualitative methodology, this paper analyzes specific lines of dialogue and behaviour and finally proves gender to be a major influence on people's decision. Yet, due to the limitation of the film, not enough data has been collected to identify age as a factor of social rejection among young people. Overall, this paper proves that gender is an important factor to the level of social rejection, whereas, further study is need to determine whether age is another influence on young people's decision about bullying and social rejection. Works Cited Temple Grandin. Dir. Mick Jackson. Perf. Claire Catherine Danes. Warner Bros., 2010. DVD. Brym, Robert. "Gender." "Sociology of the Body: Disability, Aging, and Death." Commit Sociology. By Christian O. Caron. First ed. Vol. 1. Toronto: Nelson, 2013. 166-67. Print.

Civil Disobedience Paper Essay

Throughout US history, there were many occurrences performed by people that helped define American Identity. Some of the many aspects that helped evolve characteristics of American identity are civil disobedience, freedom of religion, and immigration. Historical happenings throughout time helped create how the US is today, and why certain freedoms are allowed. Civil Disobedience is one of the important aspects of american identity. Harriet Tubman played a great role in performing civil disobedience involving her freeing slaves. Harriet had a huge bounty on her head and still she rebelled against the law, rescuing more slaves. Henry David Thoreau also performed a part in the act of civil disobedience when he refused to pay taxes, because of his opposition to the Mexican-American War. He wrote an essay Resistance to Civil Government stating that citizens have the right to disobey the law if the law was considered unjust. Furthermore, Woman’s rights is another example of civil disobedience. Women weren’t treated as equal as men and were denied the right to vote. In 1848 the Declaration of Sentiments had 12 resolutions that called for equal treatment of women and men under the law and voting rights for women. Overall, civil disobedience plays a huge role in American identity. Freedom of religion is another aspect that highlights american identity. Many people came to America in search of religious freedom. Colonists wanted a chance to worship freely and have a religion they wanted to take part in. When the pilgrims came to American their goal was to escape the persecution of the puritans. Later on many religions began to disperse everywhere and therefor, population began to grow in America. The Salem Witchcraft Trials, and the Great Awakening of the 1730s played a great role in influencing freedom of religion. America became a refuge for those who wanted religious freedom and became a home to the many people that had the chance to improve their lives. Overall, religious freedom is a huge aspect defining American Identity. Since before America’s founding, immigration has been part of the American identity. In 1845, potato famine in Ireland stopped plants from growing and many families were starved and wished for an escape, nearly 3.5 million Irish migrated to America during the 1820s through the1880s. The Irish weren’t the only immigrants that migrated to America. The Germans had come to America during World War 1 in order to better their lives. Immigrants with money would buy farms in the country, and immigrants with very little money would stay in the city, mainly in New York. By 1855, New York homed at least seventy percent of the New York population. Many immigrants have come to America and still have many coming in and out of our country nowadays. Overall civil disobedience, freedom of religion, and immigration are just a few of the many traits given to the US over time. Because of all these happenings that have occurred in the US, we as citizens have many rights. Here in the US we are known to have different yet unique identities, all thanks to the acts of rebelliousness and righteousness throughout US history.

Killology Essay

Do violence in the media and interactive entertainment, such as video games and movies, influence children to have the will to kill? According to Lt. Col. Dave Grossman, an expert on the psychology of killing, both play a big role in child murders. There are several methods to this madness by which people can actually motivate themselves to take another human life, such as, operant conditioning, classical conditioning, brutalization, and role models. These practices are used in the military to train soldiers to kill, just as the media is doing to our children. Monday, December 1st, 1997 began like any other day for the students of Heath High School in Paducah, Kentucky. Student Michael Carneal rode to school with his sister, carrying with him, what he claimed to be, an art project. As his fellow classmates gathered that morning in the lobby of the school, holding a prayer group, he fired eight rounds from a . 22 caliber pistol. Out of those eight rounds he landed five head shots and three upper torso shots, killing three teenagers. Not only did he land all eight shots, but the shots were so precise that elite military and law enforcement agencies were stunned by his expertise. The fact that he had never fired a real gun in his life was something that disturbed authorities even more. Nowhere in the records of military or law enforcement history could the â€Å"equivalent† achievement be found. So what was it that made this young man so violent and deadly at such a young age? (â€Å"The shooting,† 2010, para. 1) It’s one of the methods used by the military to train their soldiers called operant conditioning, a powerful procedure of stimulus-response training techniques that attempt to influence behavior by manipulating reinforcers. They learn to fire at realistic figures that pop up in the field. The stimulus is the target, and the response is, shooting to kill. This procedure is repeated over and over, hundreds of times, until their natural response when someone pops up on the battlefield is to kill. Research has suggested that violent video games played a big role in the choice Michael made that day. He was trained through operant conditioning just as the soldiers are, except his was through violent video games. Following the shooting there was a $130-million law suit filed against the video game manufacturers in that case. This case is said to be working its way through the appeals system of the courts. (Metcalf, Stubblefield, & Ettinger, 2011, p. 152) Violent video games train our children to kill, glorify violence, desensitize them to suffering, and trivialize violence. Every time a child plays an interactive video game, he or she is learning the exact same conditioned reflex skills as a soldier or police officer in training. Kids are playing more and more violent video games that are rated for a mature audience. So, ask yourself this question; how do fourteen year old teenagers obtain video games that are rated â€Å"Mature? † Better yet, why are they allowed by their parents to play the evil, sadistic games? Parents should replace the violent video games with non-violent, stimulating, and educational games; those which enhance knowledge, creativity and imagination. The violent crime rate is at a phenomenally high level, not just in America, but worldwide. According to Interpol, the per capita assault rate increased nearly fivefold in Norway and Greece between the years of 1977 and 1993. In Mexico and Brazil, the numbers are skyrocketing, and in Japan juvenile crime went up by thirty percent in 1997 alone. (Metcalf, Stubblefield, & Ettinger, 2011, p. 150). The virus of violent crime is occurring worldwide, and the explanation for it has to be some new factor that is occurring in all of these countries. There are many factors involved in the action of violent crime, and we must never downplay any of them. There is only one new variable present in each of these nations, and it is that media violence is now being presented as a viable entertainment option for children. Metcalf et al. , 2011, p. 150) Another method used by the Japanese, in World War II, which we also see done with the media, is classical conditioning. This technique is best remembered as Pavlovian conditioning, associating a stimulus with a response according to a specific reinforcement schedule, such as violence linked to pleasure. As Pavlov did with the dog, by associating the bell with food and eventually the dog could not hear the bell without salivating, the media does with the children. How often do we watch the news and learn of something good that has happened in the world? They are always focusing on all of the violence that is going on in the world. Our children see this as well, and they learn to associate death with pleasure. To better understand the role that violence and the media inherit, in the entertainment complex, plays in the increase of murders among the young and impressionable. We must first look at the methods by which killers can be made. Though such a difficult subject cannot be completely explained by these factors alone, it is important to note the contribution each one makes. Throughout the course of human history, it is thought that healthy members of most species have a natural resistance to killing their own kind. However, when human beings are overwhelmed with anger and fear, thought processes become primitive. We slam head-on into that hardwired resistance against killing. One of the methods that shift this natural resistance is what is commonly known as brutalization. Quite similar to a military boot camp, brutalization is a forced shift in values. The subject is made to conform to a new set of rules, abandoning all sense of individuality. They are trained relentlessly in a total immersion environment and the end result is a person who not only embraces the violence and the discipline, but accepts them as normal and an essential survival skill in a new and increasingly brutal world. (Metcalf et al. , 2011, p. 151) A very similar thing is happening to our children through violence in the media. At eighteen months old, a child can begin to understand and mimic what they see on television, and up until the ages of six or seven they are physically, developmentally, and psychologically unable to distinguish the difference between fantasy and reality. When they see an instance of rape, murder or degradation on the television or in the media, to them it is real. Some of them welcome the violence and accept it as a normal and vital survival skill in a cruel, new world. In nations, regions and cities where television is a constant source of entertainment, there is an immediate eruption of playground violence, and within fifteen years, there is a doubling of the murder rate, but why fifteen years? That’s how long it takes for a desensitized toddler to reach their â€Å"prime crime† years. Metcalf et al. , 2011, p. 151) By the time the brutalized toddlers have reached their teenage years, they have developed role models. Today, violence in the media is providing our children with role models. When the images of young killers are broadcast on television, they become role models. The media has every right and responsibility to tell the story, but they have no right to glorify the killers by presenting their images on television. (Grossman, 2000, p. ) The ultimate achievement for our children is to get their picture on television, and with such vulnerable, young minds they are willing to do whatever it takes to achieve that. I say it is time for the world to stop televising such violence and let law enforcement deal with it. If they know who the killer is then why does it have to be broadcast for our children to see? I truly believe that the media is highly responsible for a lot of killings in this world, along with the violent video games, and I pray that one day there will be something done to stop it.